westcott and hort bible translations

Tobin Pederson, When it comes to the various Bible versions of our modern day, most readers assume that all Bibles are created equal, with perhaps differing degrees of readability. The following brief comments are not meant to stand alone, please use the links that follow that will enlarge, reinforce, and add to the article. We suspect that these two manuscripts are indebted for their preservation, solely to their ascertained evil character . Since its publication in 1881, Westcott and Hort's work has proved to be impressively accurate, though far from perfect. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Both delete almost the same number of significant portions of verses (WH--193, UBS 185). Almost all the websites, articles, films, videos and messages I have come across regarding the KJV, or anti modern versions, pay no attention at all to this viewpoint as they seem more concerned about showing that a translation 400 years old is in some way better than the ones we have today. We know now that the Greek of the New Testament was common or koine Greek which was the Greek of Alexander the Great, a common, or marketplace Greek. As time progressed more and earlier manuscripts came to light which have helped us to hone the text of the New Testament so that today it stands without equal among the works of antiquity in the number of witnesses and quality of its manuscript evidence. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) have been highly controversial figures in biblical history. Westcott & Hort's The New Testament in the Original Greek, 2009 Literal Translation of the Original Greek New Testament, Greek-English Interlinear with Strong's Concordance Numbering System, Color-Coded, Exhaustive Lexical Number Map with Grammatical Notes, Dr. Strong's Original Greek Dictionary & Abridged Thayer's Greek Lexicon, All Text Carefully Proofread and Coded into Quick-Loading, Simple HTML. Westcott & Hort were the dominant forces on the Revision Committee. Nida (a follower of Westcott-hort) had already formally entered into a Concordat with the Vatican through the United Bible Societies back in 1966, when the UBS became the front line publishers of the Greek Text used in all protestant seminaries around the world, and it still is today. These charges are often brought in a bid to discredit the Westcott & Hort text. He has authored 220+ books. The men produced The New Testament in the Original Greek in 1881, advancing the belief that centuries of translation work did extremely little to change the Bible. (6) The TRIST and the KJVOIST argue that the New Testament original is found in the majority of the manuscripts, which is the Byzantine. Throw away the bones.. It is the latter edition that was taken as the basis for the presentUnited Bible Societies edition. 1. The fact is that the United Bible Societies (UBS) text is almost identical to the W-H text of 1881 IN SIGNIFICANT DEPARTURES FROM THE RECEIVED TEXT. As the Christian message was . John is married to Janet they have three grown up children and two grandogs. I mean, a text issued by men who are already known for what will undoubtedly be treated as dangerous heresy will have great difficulty in finding its way to regions which it might otherwise hope to reach and whence it would not be easily banished by subsequent alarms. in front of those who oppose historic Christianity, . For information see: www.wayoflife.org/about/makeanoffering.html. The following summary of principles is taken from the compilation in Epp and Fee,Studies in the Theory and Method of New Testament Textual Criticism(1993, pages 157-8). 2. . This is where WH come in, they compiled manuscripts , examined them and took note of the earliest and best of them and compiled a printed text, the Westcott & Hort text. Naturally so because they were Greek textual scholars. The Work of Gods Children Illustrated Bible. Many planks of Darwins theories have been discredited, but Darwin and his theories are important because of their key, pivotal role in the field.Consider another quote, this one from Dr. Zane Hodges:MODERN TEXTUAL CRITICISM IS PSYCHOLOGICALLY ADDICTED TO WESTCOTT AND HORT. Believing that the KJV is the Gold Standard or even worse the Word of God. Pastor Tobin Pederson, Reformation Day, October 31, 2007. Masoretic Text, Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament (based on Westcott-Hort, Weiss and Tischendorf, 1862). Codex Ephraemi (C) Brooke Westcott and Fenton Hort were 19th-century theologians and Bible scholars. (not fools for Christ, just fools!) This version has been dedicated to the Public Domain, Revision of the American Standard Version, The Beloved and I: New Jubilees Version of the Sacred Scriptures in Verse, Unofficial Catholic translation by layman Ronald L. Conte Jr., a self described theologian, which is in the public domain, Christian Community Bible, English version. Naturally so because they were Greek textual scholars. BOTH REPRESENT THE SAME TYPE OF TEXT WITH THE SAME TYPE OF DEPARTURES FROM THE RECEIVED TEXT. To prefer the TR (Textus Receptus) against modern critical Greek texts. The material is copyrighted and should not be reprinted under any other name or author. Way of Life's content falls into two categories: sharable and non-sharable. The reading is to be preferred that makes the best sense, that is, that best conforms to the grammar and is most congruous with the purport of the rest of the sentence and of the larger context. It appears to me that in this, as in all spiritual questions, Holy Scripture is our supreme guide. Almost all the websites, articles, films, videos and messages I have come across regarding the KJV, pay no attention at all to this viewpoint as they. The Westcott-Hort Greek text is very significant and its editors are highly significant to the history of textual criticism. They might argue, My Bible says the earliest manuscripts do not have this verse! But does this reader know of the thousands of other manuscripts which do contain this verse? So, why reject efforts to do so with the 1881 English Revised Version (ERV), the 1901 American Standard Version (ASV), the 1952 Revised Standard Version (RSV), the 1995 New American Standard Bible (NASB), the 2001 English Standard Version (ESV), and the forthcoming Updated American Standard Version (UASV)? A site defending Westcott and Hort against unnecessary and incorrect attacks. The Sahidic and Bohairic versions frequently contain typically Alexandrian readings . They considered it quite decisive whenever these two manuscripts agreed, particularly when reinforced by other ancient uncial manuscripts. But HORT DID NOT FAIL TO REACH HIS MAJOR GOAL. At the age of 23, in late 1851, Hort . So in modern, more reliable, translations we lose 1 John 5:7 ..these three are one ( not in any Greek NT manuscript before 1500) and 1 Tim 3:16 God manifest in the flesh. However, this material may be freely used for personal study or research purposes. There are various groupings of texts. Andrews is the Chief Translator of the Updated American Standard Version (UASV). First Name *, Email Address *. The irony is, these fundamentalist worshippers of the Textus receptus would never call into question John Calvin or Calvinism, who was guilty of having Michael Servetus killed for believing differently about the Trinity and was a proponent of persecuting anyone who dared to believe differently than he. Oct 30, 2011. The one who writes the earliest manuscripts.. is the man we call a textual critic. Who Wrote the Bible Book ________? I no. It is in draft form, and currently being edited for accuracy and readability. 3. ) Riplinger, pg 623, Westcott I shall aim at what is transcendental in many peoples eyes. For example, both the W-H and the UBS delete or question almost the same number of verses (WH--48, UBS--45). How did the term Textus Receptus come about? Masoretic Text, Erasmus third NT edition (1522), Martin Luthers 1522 German Bible. In the above Bible translations, you can see that verses 44 and 46 are omitted in the main text with the omission noted in the footnote. The only exception in the NASB and . What I write here is not an attack on the KJV it is an attempt to show how God continues to give us more knowledge and information which we must. Brother Cloud lives in South Asia where he has been a church planting missionary since 1979. [6] Riplinger, G. A. We should note that the above quote was made much later in the life of Wescott. An update to the 1966 Jerusalem Bible which uses more extensive gender neutral language, New Jewish Publication Society of America Version. Westcott and Hort. They do not even agree with each other. and it progressed into the most corrupt period for the Church (priests to the popes: stealing, sexual sins, torture, and murder); so much so, it ends with the Reformation. The NABRE is the latest official English Catholic Bible translation released. The KJV is a translation like all others. in front of those who oppose historic Christianity and know the facts. Things we do not want copied and distributed freely are items like the Fundamental Baptist Digital Library, print editions of our books, electronic editions of the books that we sell, the videos that we sell, etc. BibleGateway+ is less than $5/mo. The New Testament in the Original Greek is a Greek-language version of the New Testament published in 1881.It is also known as the Westcott and Hort text, after its editors Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892). View all posts by Christian Publishing House, King James Version Versus Modern Translations, NT Textual Criticism Articles, Textual Scholars of the New Testament, Brooke Foss Westcott, Critical Text, Fenton John Anthony Hort, New Testament Textual Criticism, NT Textual Criticism, Textual Criticism, Textual Variants, Textus Receptus, Westcott and Hort. By the same token, most have rid themselves of the ancient King James Version and upgraded for a newer model, such as the NIV, or NASB, etc. For those books, C. D. Ginsburgs Hebrew text was used. the Western manuscript family. Third, the size of Sinaiticus with the Old Testament, the New Testament, and apocryphal books, among other books would have weighed about 50+ lbs. White and others attempting to discredit the defense of the King James Bible claim that Westcott and Hort are not important because (they say) the modern versions (NASV and NIV) are not based on the Alexandrian text or on the Westcott and Hort text. An excellent link below explores this issue in more depth. New Age Bible Versions. Because this Bible is in the public domain, you are free to quote from or reprint it. Version Information. To prefer the KJV because the Trinity (or any other doctrine) can be proved more easily from it. Certainty is increased if such a better manuscript is found also to be an older manuscript (2.32-33) and if such a manuscript habitually contains reading that prove themselves antecedent to mixture and independent of external contamination by other, inferior texts (2.150-51). The translators said they expect new revisions of their KJV translation when more manuscripts come to light, and if there was an improved understanding of Hebrew and Greek, there should be revisions. It is not surprising, therefore, that modern version proponents today often disassociate themselves from Westcott-Hort and claim that they merely use an eclectic Greek text. The King James men used the Majority text (5000+) and simply translated it as is. Are the Modern Versions Based on Westcott-Hort? 4. After the flurry of translations leading up to the King James Version (when many translations were produced such as Wycliffes, Tyndales, Coverdales, The Bishops Bible, The Geneva Bible etc), a steady trickle of translations continued. Established in 1974, Way of Life Literature is a fundamental Baptist preaching and publishing ministry based in Bethel Baptist Church, London, Ontario, of which Wilbert Unger is the founding Pastor. Totaling to 7,320 places. Released into the public domain by The Work of Gods Children (nonprofit corporation). (weak textual evidence). For example, the witness Codex Vatican B (one of the five), a Greek manuscript of the New Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Hebrew Bible,Dead Sea Scrolls consulted and referenced,Septuagint also consulted and compared for the OT and Deuterocanonicals,the Latin Vulgate for some parts of the Deuterocanonicals, and theUnited Bible Societies 3rd edition (UBS3) cross referenced to the 26th edition of the Greek New Testament (NA26)for the New Testament. To Westcott and Hort, the King James Bible was clearly an inferior translation. 5 days ago, - Further, if we cannot demonstrate the Trinity without this one verse we need to learn to be better Bible students. A.V. Tregelles, Tischendorf, Westcott and Hort). That is, it is generally shorter than the text of other forms, and it does not exhibit the degree of grammatical and stylistic polishing that is characteristic of the Byzantine type of text. Though they no longer live, their legacy lives on in the form of a corrupted Greek text. Instead they used the corrupted manuscripts of the Gnosticism-Origen-Eusebius- Jerome-Augustine lineage. (Joseph Van Beeks tract: KJV vs NIV, pgs 5 & 6), As to the personal beliefs of Westcot and Hort: 1) They never claimed or testified that the Bible was verbally inspired or inerrant. Reproduced by permission. The fact is that the Westcott-Hort text represents the first widely-accepted departure from the Received Text in the post-Reformation era, and the modern English versions descend directly from the W-H text. But HORT DID NOT FAIL TO REACH HIS MAJOR GOAL. We have no further information about its publication history, but are making it available in the same format in which we acquired it as a public service. It was a printed text, not a hand-copied manuscript, created in the 15th century to fill the need for a textually accurate Greek New Testament. Assigns to each Greek word one unique English meaning. (3) How many textual errors (differences) are in the handful of Byzantine manuscripts used to make the Textus Receptus, which is behind the KJV? But in truth, the majority of anything does not automatically mean that it is the best or even correct. Westcott & Hort's The New Testament in the Original Greek 2009 Literal Translation of the Original Greek New Testament Greek-English Interlinear with Strong's Concordance Numbering System Color-Coded, Exhaustive Lexical Number Map with Grammatical Notes Dr. Strong's Original Greek Dictionary & Abridged Thayer's Greek Lexicon All Text Carefully Proofread and Coded into Quick-Loading, Simple HTML, The Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament, Drs. Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia,Novum Testamentum Graece28th Edition (NA28), United Bible Societies 5th Edition (UBS5). Certainly nothing could be more unscriptural than the modern limiting of Christs bearing our sins and sufferings to his death; but indeed that is only one aspect of an almost universal heresy. 4) Hort wrote, I have been persuaded for many years that Mary-worship and Jesus worship have very much in common in their causes and their results. Westcott found a statue of Mary and a crucified Christ in a remote chapel and wrote, Had I been alone, I could have knelt there for hours.. Please note that neither Westcott nor Hort believed that the Bible was Gods Word. Some of those who stand out the most are from the fundamentalists of the late 19th and the early 20th centuries. However we gain John 1:18 God the only Son; Titus 2:13 and 2 Pet 1:1 God and Saviour ( neither in KJV) and very nature God in Php 2:6. In the court room they tell it to the judge as it is, yet when the judge hears each of their stories, the witnesses do not agree. I observe, then, that while spiritual ministries are constantly recorded in the Bible, there is not the faintest encouragement to seek them. This, like Erasmus in the 1500s, summarised the best information available to produce the most accurate text. The New Testament in the Original Greek is a Greek-language version of the New Testament published in 1881. . I think his arguments are solid. Translations are not based on the previous translation and revised, which is the claim of Mormons for instance, they are based on the manuscripts available, this is an important point to understand. Of course, I think they gave too much weight to Codex Vaticanus alone, and this needs to be tempered. It is also known as the Westcott and Hort text, after its editors Brooke Foss Westcott (18251901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (18281892). I once saw a Christian rant and rave to some J, s and he quoted 1 John 5:7, 1 Tim 3:16 and said the KJV was the true Word of God, it was embarrassing and it reinforced. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids . (London; New York: United Bible Societies, 1994), xx, xxv. . (Riplinger, New Age Bible Versions, p.407). [8] What was the inerrant word of God in the second and third centuries AD before the development of the Byzantine text? We dare not and must not ignore these things. This translation in many ways was the precursor to the modern Critical Text underlying most modern translations. The consensus however is they favored the Aleph and B text more than the others. Westcott and Hort did what was unthinkable..they picked through five Greek texts which did not agree with each other, and came up with a new revised Greek version of the Bible. The KJV was a superb translation for its day. What New Testament Textual Studies Sources Do We Have? The new Christian Standard Bible (CSB) is a major revision of the 2009 edition of theHolman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB). This was not a faithfully accurate copy. New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, Westcott and Horts Greek New Testament, Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament, Hebrew J documents, as well as various other families of Hebrew and Greek manuscripts. Apologetic Defense of the faith, the Bible, and Christianity, Please Support the Bible Translation Work for the Updated American Standard Version (UASV) http://www.uasvbible.org. Was partially translated and released in various versions with the Douay-Rheims making up whatever books were not yet translated. www.wayoflife.org/about/makeanoffering.html. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825 1901) Christian Publishing House Blog, Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828 1892) Christian Publishing House Blog, CHOOSING THE BEST BIBLE TRANSLATION JUST GOT EASIER! : Were Westcott and Hort Occultist Unbelievers? In 1853 these two Cambridge professors, Westcott and Hort, began to prepare a Greek Text based primarily on the Vaticanus and Sinaiticus manuscripts. This critical Greek text is the foundation text of the Nestle-Aland Greek Text and the United Bible Societies Greek text. Westcott I reject the word infallibility of Holy Scriptures overwhelmingly. Riplinger, pg 622, Hort Evangelicals seem to me perverted. Chicks claim is completely fabricated, and the quote he chopped to support his claim actually says theexact oppositewhen the context is examined. Public Domain due to copyright expiration. It is a critical text (master Greek text of the NT seeking to ascertain the original Plus Calvin wasnt involved in Bible translation work that is significant for today. Westcott and Hort began their work in 1853 and finished it in 1881, working . This Bible version is now Public Domain worldwide due to copyright expiration except in the United Kingdom due to crown letters patent until 2039. In the absence of more detailed publication information, if you need to cite it in a paper or published work, we recommend citing the website where you found it (such as BibleGateway.com); we have no additional copyright or historical data about this Bible. (1881). For less than $5/mo. And what do we know about these men who made themselves the judges over Gods holy Word? Hort called the Textus Receptus vile and villainous (Life and Letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort, Vol. We trust that your Christian honesty will preserve the integrity of this policy. The text produced by Westcott and Hort is still to this day, even with so many more manuscript discoveries, a very close reproduction of the primitive text of the New Testament. Thus, the fact that B and ALEPH are so old is a point against them, not something in their favour. Authorized King James Version which restores the Divine Name, Jehovah to the original text in 6,973 places, Jah in 50 places and Jehovah also appears in parentheses in the New Testament wherever the New Testament cross references a quote from the Old Testament in 297 places. About 290 C.E., some of his associates made various subsequent alterations, which deliberately combined elements from earlier types of text, and this text was adopted about 380 C.E. They were known to be the chief architects of the critical theory which resulted in the revised Greek Testament which has replaced the Textus Receptus (TR) or Received Text. The items have taken years to produce at enormous expense in time and money, and we use the income from sales to help fund the ministry. The KJV is a straight translation from the Majority text. There are plenty of KJVOs who dont believe Calvin was saved for the same reason. On one side, their supporters have heralded them as great men of God, having greatly advanced the search for the original Greek text. What I write here is not an attack on the KJV it is an attempt to show how God continues to give us more knowledge and information which we must value and appreciate. It is unwise to use these KJV verses in apologetics due to the very clear textual evidence against them, evidence well known to Jehovahs Witnesses. the New Testament - are based upon the Greek text of Westcott and Hort. This knowledge also informs us that the New Testament was not written generally in posh language more a sort of popular tabloid type language. However we gain John 1:18. in Php 2:6. (4) If there are no textual differences in the 4,000 Byzantine texts (which there are), what was the Word of God before the fifth-century Byzantine text of Codex Alexandrinus (400-440 A.D.)? Brooke Foss Westcott(18251901) andFenton John Anthony Hort(18281892) were nineteenth-century theologians and Bible and textual scholars. Book Submission for Christian Publishing House, https://www.logos.com/product/46572/studies-in-the-theory-and-method-of-new-test, View all posts by Christian Publishing House. When Was It Written? Over 5,800 New Testament manuscripts have been classified into four groups by text type. Revised from the public domain JPS 1917 edition, and placed together with a revised edition of the Hebrew Roots New Testament (based on Hebrew and Aramaic sources) each with useful footnotes, and an informative preface to the whole work. INDIANA BIBLE COLLEGE | INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, Modern Bible Versions, and Westcott and Hort We do not solicit funds from those who do not agree with our preaching and who are not helped by these publications. My fatherceasedto interest himself in these matters, not altogether, I believe, fromwant offaith in what, for lack of a better name, one must call Spiritualism, but becausehe was seriously convinced that such investigations led to no good. (Life and Letters of Brooke Foss Westcott, Vol. - www.wayoflife.org. In 1981 Metzger said: The international committee that produced the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament, not only adopted the Westcott and Hort edition as its basic text, but followed their methodology in giving attention to both external and internal consideration. The World English Bible is based on the American Standard Version of the Holy Bible first published in 1901, the Biblia Hebraica Stutgartensa Old Testament, and the Greek Majority Text New Testament. [7] The minuscules play a minimal role in this edition. This translation in many ways was the . I find in the fact of the Incarnation all that man (so far as I can see) requires for life and hope.[7]. Which group do you think would be more trustworthy? He has been a financial adviser for over 30 years. [8], Westcott and Hort worked on their Testament from 1853 until its completion in 1881. The NASB, the NIV, the Jehovah's Witness bible ("New World Translation"), and most modern translations and paraphrases use the Westcott and Hort Greek Text, which is supported by only a small portion (5% or less) of existing manuscripts, including Codex Vaticanus, Codex Sinaiticus, Alexandrian Codex, Parisian Codex, and Codex Bezae. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) was born at Birmingham and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) at Dublin. one of them is of mainly later texts after the fall of Antioch and Alexandria to Islam. The climax of this restoration era goes to the immediate successors of these men, the two English Bible scholars B. F. Westcott and F. J. Puskas & Robbins (2012) noted that, despite significant advancements since 1881, the text of the NA27 differs much more from the Textus Receptus than from Westcott and Hort, stating that 'the contribution of these Cambridge scholars appears to be enduring. Westcott and Hort began their work in 1853 and finished it in 1881, working for twenty-eight years independently of each other, yet frequently comparing notes. When Westcott and Hort did their work, they found very little change had occurred to scriptures over the centuries. New Jubilees version of the Bible in English Verse byThomas McElwain. The text produced by Westcott and Hort is still to this day, even with so many more manuscript discoveries, a very close reproduction of the primitive text of the New Testament. I once saw a Christian rant and rave to some Jehovahs Witnesses and he quoted 1 John 5:7, 1 Tim 3:16 and said the KJV was the true Word of God, it was embarrassing and it reinforced the Witnesses in their faith. In 1851 Westcott was ordained an Anglican "priest" and Hort in 1856: their careers were spent mostly in academic positions rather than pastorates. [7] This edition is based on the critical works especially of Tischendorf and Tregelles.
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westcott and hort bible translations 2023